Transfer switch having a light that provides surface illumination of the transfer switch

ABSTRACT

A power transfer device adapted for interconnection with the electrical system of a building includes a housing and a set of power transfer components interconnected with the housing for supplying auxiliary electrical power to the electrical system of a building. A light is mounted to the housing to provide illumination of the power transfer components when the power transfer device is supplied with auxiliary electrical power.

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a transfer switch arrangement having a lightto illuminate surface components of the arrangement, such as switches,circuit breakers, and power meters.

Portable generators are used in certain situations to supply electricalpower to residential and commercial load circuits during a utility poweroutage. A system for interconnecting the generator with the load centerof a building typically includes a power inlet box having a receptaclefor receiving a plug extending from the generator.

The power inlet box is typically mounted to the exterior of a building,and is adapted for connection to a transfer switching mechanism whichestablishes an electrical path between the generator and the loadcenter. The transfer switching mechanism typically includes a series ofswitches and circuit breakers, which are operable to supply power tocertain selected circuits of the load center. The circuits of thetransfer switching mechanism are wired to selected circuits of the loadcenter, through wiring housed within a conduit extending between thetransfer switching mechanism and the load center.

A typical transfer switching mechanism includes a housing provided witha power input receptacle. The remote power inlet box is wired to a powercord connected to a junction box, and the power cord is engageable withthe power input receptacle of the transfer switching mechanism so as toprovide power to the transfer switching mechanism from the generator. Analternative arrangement is illustrated in Flegel U.S. Pat. No. 5,895,981issued Apr. 20, 1999, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated byreference. In the '981 patent, the transfer switching mechanism includesa terminal compartment within which a set of terminals is located. Theterminals are wired to the switches of the transfer switching mechanism.A set of power input wires extends from the power inlet box, and intothe terminal compartment of the transfer switching mechanism. The endsof the power input wires are connected to the terminals, to establish adirect, non-plug type connection between the power inlet box and thetransfer switching mechanism.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,414,240 issued to Flegel on Jul. 2, 2002 describes apower transfer switching mechanism that includes a cabinet defining aninternal cavity within which a series of switches are mounted. One ormore lead wires are connected to the switches, and define ends whichextend into a compartment. The compartment is accessible through anopening associated with the cabinet, and a cover is selectivelypositionable over the opening to provide or prevent access to thecompartment. With the cover removed, the lead wires can be connected topower input wires in a conventional manner, e.g., wire-to-wireconnectors, and the wires and the connectors may then be placed withinthe compartment and concealed by attaching the cover to the cabinet.

Power transfer switching mechanisms, such as those briefly describedabove, are typically mounted adjacent an electrical panel, which isoften located in a basement or utility room, or alternatively may be ina location such as an attic, garage, etc. Such locations typically donot receive much if any ambient light, thereby making it difficult for auser to see the switches, meters, and circuit breakers of the powertransfer switching mechanism even during operation in daylight hours.

The present invention provides a power transfer switching mechanismhaving a light that illuminates the switches, circuit breakers, powermeters, and other surface components of the power transfer switchingmechanism.

In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a powertransfer switching mechanism includes a first or upper compartmentdefining a first or upper cavity and a second or lower compartmentdefining a second or lower cavity. The first compartment has a firstpanel, to which a plurality of switches is mounted, that closes anopening to the first cavity. In a similar manner, the second compartmenthas a second panel that closes the opening to the second cavity. Circuitbreakers and power meters may also be mounted to the first panel. Thesecond compartment provides space to make electrical connections betweenthe switches and a power input, and once those connections are made, thesecond panel may be secured in place to close off access to theconnections. A light, such as a light bar, is mounted to at least one ofthe first panel and the second panel to illuminate the surfacecomponents, such as the switches, circuit breakers and meters of thepower transfer switching mechanism. The light may consist of a light barhaving a plurality of light emitting diodes. In one implementation, thelight is supplied with power from an auxiliary power source andtherefore only provides illumination of the power transfer switchingmechanism when auxiliary power is being fed to the power transferswitching mechanism. Alternately, the light may also be connected to aprimary or utility power source and therefore provides illumination whenutility power is providing electrical power to the loads of the powertransfer switching mechanism.

The present invention also seeks to overcome some of the drawbacks ofconventional power transfer switching mechanisms by providing a lightthat may be mounted to a transfer switch housing and that providessurface illumination of the housing when a generator is providingelectrical power to the power transfer switching mechanism. Since thelight is illuminated by auxiliary, or standby, electrical power, theimprovement provided by the present invention allows better viewing ofthe electrical components of the power transfer switching mechanismduring a utility power outage. In one embodiment, the light is operativeautomatically upon the delivery of standby electrical power to the powertransfer switching mechanism. Thus, for an installation in which agenerator automatically begins to supply electrical power upon a utilitypower outage, the light also assists a homeowner or other user inlocating the power transfer switching mechanism.

In one embodiment of the invention, the light includes low power lightemitting diodes (LEDs) arranged in an array to provide a wideillumination area. The light may include a clear, or substantiallyclear, lens that provides a housing for the LEDs and is also operativeto diffuse the light emitted by the LEDs. In one embodiment, the lens isa low profile, flat lens. It is understood, however, that other lensshapes and types could also be used.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a transferswitching mechanism having a light that provides illumination of surfacecomponents of the power transfer switching mechanism.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a powertransfer arrangement including a housing having a lens that contains oneor more light emitting elements, such as LEDs.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a powertransfer device which ensures that surface components of the powertransfer switching mechanism are illuminated when standby electricalpower is being used to power the electrical system of a building.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a transferswitching mechanism which is easy to install and which operatesgenerally similarly to known transfer switching mechanisms.

The invention contemplates an improvement in a power transferarrangement for supplying power from a generator to the electricalsystem of the building. The power transfer arrangement has a powertransfer device adapted for interconnection with the building electricalsystem and includes a cabinet having wall structure provided with anopening. The wall structure also supports various other electricalcomponents of the power transfer device thereon, such as switches,circuit breakers, and power meters. The invention may reside in a coverengageable with the wall structure for covering the opening andcontaining a lighting element or lamp mounted to the cover. The lightingelement is powered by the standby electrical power fed to the powertransfer device, and provides a relatively wide area of illuminationgenerally about the faceplate. The components of the power transferdevice include a set of switches mounted to the wall structure forcontrolling the supply of power from the power transfer device to thebuilding electrical system. The electrical components on the wallstructure further include watt meters for displaying the amount of powerprovided by the generator, and a set of circuit breakers, with eachcircuit breaker being associated with one of the switches. The lightingelement illuminates these electrical components during a utility poweroutage.

The invention further contemplates an improvement in a power transferdevice adapted for interconnection with the electrical system of abuilding and including a cabinet having a faceplate provided with anopening. The faceplate also supports various other electrical componentsof the power transfer device thereon. The invention is in the form of acover plate assembly removably connected to the faceplate and coveringthe opening. The cover plate assembly includes a lamp that illuminatesan area generally adjacent the faceplate to ease viewing of theelectrical components of the power transfer device during a utilitypower outage.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a power transfer deviceprovided with electrical components for supplying power from a generatorin electrical communication with a power inlet arrangement to theelectrical system of a building. The power transfer device includes acabinet defining an interior within which a set of terminals associatedwith the electrical components is located. The cabinet has a wallstructure provided with an opening formed therein, and the wallstructure supports the electrical components. A cover is mounted againstthe wall structure over the opening and has a lighting arrangement toilluminate the wall structure when standby electrical power is being fedto the power transfer device.

Various other features, objects and advantages of the invention will bemade apparent from the following description taken together with thedrawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings illustrate the best mode presently contemplated of carryingout the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation showing a prior art transfer switcharrangement for interconnecting an auxiliary power source, such as aportable generator, with a load center or electrical panel associatedwith a building;

FIG. 2 is a front isometric view of a power transfer device constructedaccording to one embodiment of a power transfer switch assembly inaccordance with the invention, adapted for connection in an auxiliarypower supply arrangement for transferring power from an auxiliary powersource to the load center of a building, and shown with a cover mountedto the housing of the power transfer device in a raised position;

FIG. 3 is a rear isometric view of the power transfer device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an exploded isometric view of the power transfer device ofFIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a section view of the power transfer device of FIG. 2 takenalong line 5-5 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the power transfer devicewith reference to line 6-6 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 6A is a partial section view taken along line 6A-6A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a front elevation view of the power transfer device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a front elevation view of the lower portion of the powertransfer device of FIG. 2, shown with the cover and a lower panelremoved, and engagement of lead wires with power input wires;

FIG. 9 is a partial exploded isometric view of the lower portion of thepower transfer device of FIG. 2, illustrating the lower panel adaptedfor engagement with the power transfer device housing over the lowercompartment;

FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 9, showing an alternative embodimentin which a power input receptacle is mounted to the lower panel and aset of power input or connection wires are interposed between the powerinput receptacle and the lead wires;

FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10, showing an alternative embodimentin which the lead wire ends are engaged directly with the power inputreceptacle;

FIG. 12 is a front isometric view of another embodiment of a powertransfer switch assembly in accordance with the invention, adapted forconnection in an auxiliary power supply arrangement for transferringpower from an auxiliary power source to the load center of a building;

FIG. 13 is a partial exploded isometric view of the power transferswitch assembly of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a front elevation view of the power transfer switch assemblyof FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a side elevation view of the power transfer switch assemblyof FIG. 12;

FIG. 16 is a section view of the power transfer switch assembly takenalong line 16-16 of FIG. 14; and

FIG. 17 is a front isometric view of the power transfer switch assemblywith the optional lighted cover plate replaced with a non-lighted coverplate.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows a prior art power inlet arrangement for interconnecting aportable generator 10 with a main electrical panel or load center 12located in the interior of a building 14. In the prior art power inletarrangement of FIG. 1, a manual power transfer panel 16 is mountedadjacent main panel 12, and is interconnected therewith via a series ofwires enclosed by a conduit 18 extending between main panel 12 andtransfer panel 16. Transfer panel 16 may illustratively be a panel suchas that manufactured by Reliance Controls Corporation of Racine, Wis.

A power inlet box 20 is mounted to the wall of building 14, shown at 22.Power inlet box 20 includes an external housing including a series ofwalls such as 24, and a receptacle 26 mounted to a front wall of thehousing. A cover 28 is mounted to the front wall of the housing via ahinge structure, and is movable between an open position as shown inFIG. 1 and a closed position in which cover 28 encloses receptacle 26when not in use. A conduit 30 extends between inlet box 20 and ajunction box 32, and a flexible cord 38 is attached at one end tojunction box 32. At its opposite end, flexible cord 38 has a connector42 engageable with a power inlet receptacle provided on transfer panel16. Appropriate wiring and connections are contained within inlet box20, conduit 30 and junction box 32 for providing an electrical pathbetween inlet box 20 and transfer panel 16 when cord 38 is engaged withthe inlet receptacle of transfer panel 16.

A power cord 44 extends between generator 10 and power inlet box 20.Cord 44 includes a plug 46 at one end, which is engageable with thepower outlet of generator 10. Cord 44 further includes a connector 48 atthe end opposite plug 46. Connector 48 is engageable with receptacle 26for transferring power generated by generator 10 to power inlet box 20,which is then supplied through the wiring in conduit 30, junction box32, cord 38 and connector 42 to transfer panel 16, and from transferpanel 16 through the wiring in conduit 18 to main panel 12. In thismanner, generator 10 functions to provide power to selected circuits ofmain panel 12 during a power outage. In this arrangement the user firstconnects cord 38 to the power input of transfer panel 16 utilizingconnector 42, and then exits the building, connects cord 44 betweengenerator 10 and power inlet 20, and then commences operation ofgenerator 10.

The present invention provides a power transfer switching mechanismhaving generally the same function as in the prior art power transferarrangement of FIG. 1.

Turning now to FIGS. 2-5, a power transfer switching mechanism 50according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a housing51 defined by base 52, a first, or upper, panel 54, a second, or lowerpanel 56, and a cover 58. The base and the first and second panelscollectively define an interior volume that can be furthercompartmentalized, as described further herein. The base 52 is definedby a back wall 60, a pair of sidewalls 62, 64 and a lower wall 66, whichin one embodiment, are integrally formed as a single unitary structure.A hanging tab 68 extends from an upper end of the back wall 60 formounting the power transfer switching mechanism 50 to a wall (not shown)or other mounting structure.

The construction of the back wall 60 and the sidewalls 62, 64 forms aseries of planar surfaces that provide a seat for the first panel 54.More particularly, sidewalls 62, 64 extend outwardly from the back wall60 generally along a plane that is perpendicular to the plane of theback wall 60. As a result, each sidewall 62, 64 has a first outer edge68, 70, respectively, and a second outer edge 72, 74, respectively. Thesecond outer edges 72, 74 may be generally perpendicular to the firstouter edges 68, 70, respectively, or may be formed so as to have anincline from front-to-back. The upper end of the back wall 60 alsodefines an outer edge 76 that is generally perpendicular to the firstouter edges 68, 70. The first outer edges 68, 70 extend along the lengthof the sidewalls 62, 64, respectively, and therefore run from the upperend of the back wall 60 to the lower wall 66.

An intermediate transverse wall 78 is located within the housing 51 andpartitions the interior volume into an upper cabinet section orcompartment 80 and a lower cabinet section or compartment 82. While theconstruction of the back wall 60 and the intermediate wall 78 is shownand described in connection with intermediate wall 78 separating theinterior volume into upper and lower sections or compartments, it isalso understood that intermediate wall 78 may be in any othersatisfactory orientation as desired in order to form the separateinterior sections or compartments. For example, intermediate wall 78 maybe oriented vertically so as to form separate side-by-side (left-right)sections or compartments.

The first, or upper, panel 54 is constructed to fit against an upperportion of the base 52 to define the aforementioned upper compartment80. The first panel 54 has a pair of sidewalls 84, 86 interconnected bya planar face 88. The upper end of the first panel 54 has a generallyplanar top 90 that extends rearward from the sidewalls 84, 86, andultimately, fits against the upper end, e.g., edges 72, 74, and 76, ofthe base 52 when the first panel 54 is secured to the base 52. The frontface 88 carries the various electrical components of the power transferswitching mechanism 50, which may include switches 92, meters 94, alight bar 96, and circuit breakers 98. In one embodiment, the switches,meters, light bar, and breakers are mounted to the first panel 54 in aconventional manner before the first panel 54 is secured to the base 52.

The sidewalls 84, 86 of the first panel 54 have respective forwardfacing surfaces 100, 102 and rearward facing surfaces 104, 106 that aredefined by lip portions of the sidewalls 84, 86, respectively, thatextend rearwardly past the planar face 88 of the first panel 54. Theforward facing surfaces 100, 102 provide a seat for the front cover 58when the cover 58 is attached to the first panel 54. The rearward facingsurfaces 104, 106, however, overlap and abut against the exterior sidesof the sidewalls 62, 64 of the base 52. The peripheral edge of the top90 of the first panel 54 has a lip 108 that extends downwardly from thetop 90 along a plane that is generally perpendicular to the plane of thetop 90. When the first panel 54 is mounted to the base 52, the upper endof the base 52 sits against the inner surface of the lip 108. In thisregard, when the panel 54 is mounted to the base 52, surfaces 72, 74,and 76 abut against the underside of the top 90. The lip 108 and therearward lip portions of the sidewalls 84, 86 therefore wrap around therespective upper and side portions of the base 52 to provide anoverlapping snug fit of the panel 54 onto the base 52. At its centralarea, a notch is formed in the lip 108 to accommodate the hanging tab68.

A pair of spaced apart ribs 110 is formed along the interior surfaces ofthe back wall 60 and the sidewalls 62, 64. The ribs 110 collectivelydefine a channel or groove 112 sized to receive the intermediate wall78. In this regard, the intermediate wall 78 may be slid into thechannel 112 to be mounted to the base 52. When mounted into place, theintermediate wall 78 effectively partitions the interior volume into theaforedescribed upper and lower cavities or compartments. Alternatively,one of the ribs 100 may be eliminated so that the other rib forms aledge that supports the intermediate wall 78, or the edges ofintermediate wall 78 may be formed with a channel and the back wall 60and side walls 62, 64 may include mating ribs that are engaged by thechannel. It is understood that intermediate wall 78 may be engaged withthe back wall 60 and/or the sidewalls 62, 64 in any other satisfactorymanner that maintains intermediate wall 78 in position relative to base52.

As described above, the lower compartment 82 is defined by theintermediate wall 78 in combination with back wall 60 and the lowerportions of the sidewalls 62, 64. This lower compartment 82 isaccessible through an opening that is available when second panel 56 isremoved. It will thus be appreciated that the second panel 56 is sizedso as to enclose the access opening of lower compartment 82.

The second panel 56 has a generally L-shaped configuration that isdefined by a generally planar front surface 114, a generally flat orplanar bottom surface 116, and a curved surface 118 interconnecting thefront and bottom surfaces 114, 116. In one embodiment, the second panel56 is formed as a single unitary member. The width of the second panel56 is defined by curvilinear sidewalls 120, 122 that align withsidewalls 84, 86 of the first panel 54 when the housing 51 is assembled.The sidewalls 120, 122 extend past the planar front surface 114 of thesecond panel 56, to define rearwardly extending lip portions of thesidewalls 120, 122.

The peripheral edge of the bottom surface 116 of the second panel 56 hasan upturned lip 124 that fits around the lower end of the base 52 whenthe second panel 56 is mounted to the base 52. More particularly, thelower wall 66 of the base 52 abuts against the underside of the bottomsurface 116 when the second panel 56 is mounted to the base. The lip 124overlaps and wraps around the lower end of the base 52, as best shown inFIG. 3, and the rearwardly extending lip portions of the sidewalls 120,122 overlap the lower side portions of the base sidewalls 62, 62, toprovide a relatively snug fit of the second panel 56 to the base 52. Ina manner to be explained, the second panel 56 is attached to the base 52by a pair of fasteners 126 and the first panel 54 is attached to thebase 52 by a pair of fasteners 127.

From the foregoing description of the first and second panels 54, 56,respectively and the base 52, it will be appreciated that during theassembly process, the first panel 54 slides onto an upper portion of thebase 52 in a direction along a longitudinal axis defined by base 52, andthe second panel similarly slides onto a lower portion of the base 52 ina direction along the longitudinal axis of base 52. It will beappreciated that the construction of the base 52 and, more particularly,the manner in which the first and second panels fit around the base,simplifies the assembly process and avoids exposed seams through whichmoisture may enter when the power transfer switching mechanism 50 isused in outdoor applications.

The power transfer switching mechanism 50 is usable in both indoor andoutdoor applications. Accordingly, the power transfer mechanism may beused with cover 58, which is pivotally mounted to the first panel 54.The cover 58 has an upper planar section 126 and a lower curved section128. A pair of tabs 130 is formed at the upper end of the upper section126 and are designed to be received in notches 132 formed in thesidewalls 84, 86 of the first panel 54. The notches 132 are shaped suchthat the cover 58 may pivot about a pivot axis 134, FIG. 7, when thetabs 130 are fully seated in the notches 132. The cover 58 may berotated or pivoted upward about pivot axis 134 to expose the circuitbreakers 98, switches 92, light bar 96, meters 94, and the second panel56. It will therefore be appreciated that the cover 58 is sized to fitover the first and second panels 54, 56 when pivoted to the closedposition. It will be appreciated that the curvature of the lower section128 is substantially matched to the curvature of the second panel 56,and particularly surface 118, so that the lower section of the cover 58sits flat against the second panel 56 when the cover is fully lowered.

The lower wall 66 of the base 52 has a knockout 136 that allows wires tobe routed from the housing 51, as will be described in greater detailbelow. In one embodiment, the base 52 may have additional knockouts 138,140 that facilitate the routing of wires to and from the housing 51. Inone embodiment, which is best illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, an elbowfitting 142 is mounted to the base 52 in a conventional manner viaknockout 136. The elbow fitting 142 interfaces with conduit, such asconduit 18, to route wires carried within the conduit 18 to the housing51. The second panel 54 has a U-shaped cutout 144 that matches thelocation of knockout 136 and that receives the elbow fitting 142 toallow the second panel 54 to be slid onto or from the base 52 when theelbow fitting 142 is coupled to the base 52. In this regard, the fitting142 does not need to be disconnected from the base 52 to remove thesecond panel 56 in order to expose compartment 82.

Referring particularly now to FIG. 4, the intermediate transverse wall78 includes a generally planar body 146 having a thickness that allowsthe body to be slid into the groove 112 formed in the base 52 asdescribed above. An opening or passageway 148 is formed in body 146. Thepassageway 148 may be generally centered on the back wall 60 and theswitches 92. The passageway 148 is designed to enable lead wires to passfrom compartment 80 to compartment 82, as will be described furtherherein.

The power transfer switching mechanism 50 has a strain relief member 150that includes a clamp 152 that is aligned with the passageway 148 sothat wires passing through the passageway 148 may be engaged by theclamp 152 and forced toward the portion of the back wall 60 generallybelow the intermediate wall 78. The clamp 152 has a guide member 154that fits within a guide slot 156 formed adjacent the passageway 148 inthe body 146 of the wall 78. The guide member 154 and guide slot 156cooperate to define a desired fixed range of movement for the clamp 152and to center the clamp 152 about the passageway 148.

The intermediate wall 78 includes two pairs of elongated bores 158 and160 that extend through bosses formed on the underside and topside ofthe body 146, respectively. Bores 158 align with nut receivers 162formed in the backside of wall 60, as shown in FIG. 3. Similarly, bores160 align with nut receivers 164 also formed in the backside of the wall60. The elongated bores 158, 160 also align with openings 166, 168formed in the first and second panels 54, 56, respectively. In thismanner, as shown in FIG. 6A, elongated fasteners 126, 127 may be passedthrough openings 166, 168, elongated bores 158, 160, and threadinglyengaged with nuts that are non-rotatably placed in nut receivers 162,164 to couple the first panel 54, the second panel 56, and theintermediate wall 78 to the base 52.

The clamp 152 of the strain relief member 150 has openings 170 thatalign with nut receivers 172 formed in the backside of wall 60, as shownin FIG. 3, when the clamp 152 is properly positioned within compartment82. Threaded fasteners 174 pass through the openings 170 and ultimatelythreadably engage nuts that are non-rotatably positioned in the nutreceivers 172 to secure the clamp 152 to the base 52.

As described above, the power transfer switching mechanism 50 isconstructed to define first and second compartments, which areillustrated as upper and lower compartments 80 and 82 in the figures.Intermediate wall 78 is mounted to base 52 and separates the upper andlower compartments from one another. The upper compartment 80 is closedby first panel 54 that, as described above, carries various electricalcomponents, such as switches 92, meters 94, light bar 96, and circuitbreakers 98. The lower compartment 82 is designed to facilitate theconnection of wires to these various electrical components. In thisregard, the entire housing 51 does not need to be disassembled whenmaking the necessary connections to the electrical components. The wiresconnected to the electrical components can simply be routed from theupper compartment 80 through passageway 148 formed in the intermediatewall 78 to the lower compartment 82 for connection to various outputwires.

In this regard, and with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 8, a series oflead wires 176 extend from the upper compartment 80 into the lowercompartment 82. Each lead wire 176 defines an upper end extending intoupper compartment 80 for interconnection with one of the electricalcomponents secured to first panel 54, and a lower end located withinlower compartment 82. The upper ends of two of lead wires 176 may beconnected to a pair of bus bars (not shown), and the switches 92 aremounted to each bus bar in a manner as is known. In one embodiment, twolead wires are connected to power input meters 94, which in turn areinterconnected with bus bars and switches 92. In addition, two leadwires are connected to the light bar 96 and are then interconnected withthe bus bar and switches 92. The remaining two lead wires 176 mayconsist of a neutral wire connected in upper compartment 80 to a neutralwire extending through conduit 18 to main panel 12, and a ground wireconnected in upper compartment 80 to the frame of transfer switch 16 andto a ground wire extending through conduit 18 to main panel 12.

Each lead wire 176 extends through the strain relief member 150, whichis mounted adjacent opening 148 formed in intermediate wall 78. Thestrain relief member 150 securely clamps the lead wires 176 against theback wall 60, so as to fix the length of wires 176 between strain reliefmember 150 and the upper connection of wires 176. The length of wires176 between its lower end and strain relief member 150 forms a “tail”which can be freely moved about within compartment 82 or moved out ofcompartment 82, with strain relief member 150 functioning to preventdisengagement of the upper ends of wires 176 from the upper connectionsupon such movement of the lower ends of wires 176. With thisarrangement, the lower ends of wires 176 extend into and are accessiblefrom compartment 82. As described above, the strain relief member 150mounts to the base 52 by threaded fasteners 174 which allow the strainrelief member 150 to move with the fasteners 174 until the fasteners 174are tightened down to lock the strain relief member 150 in place. Thisallows the strain relief member 150 to be moved away from the back wall60 and the ends of wires 176 to be pulled between the strain reliefmember 150 and the back wall 60. Once the desired “tail” length isachieved, the fasteners 174 can be tightened down using a suitable toolto press the strain relief member 150 against the wires 176 to hold thewires 176 against the back wall 60, as illustrated in FIG. 6.

Referring to FIG. 7, a conduit 178 may be mounted to sidewall 62 of base52. Conduit 178 extends between power transfer mechanism 50 and powerinlet box 20, and encloses a series of power input wires 180. Conduit178 extends through knockout opening 138 formed in the lower portion ofsidewall 62 via a conventional nipple 182 and lock nut 184. As can beappreciated, an input wire conduit such as 178 could also be connectedthrough a knock-out opening in sidewall 64 or in a knock-out opening inback wall 60.

Power input wires 180 are connected at one end to power inlet receptacle26 of inlet box 20. The opposite ends of power input wires 180 extendthrough the open end of conduit 178 and into compartment 82 of powertransfer mechanism 50, where the power input wire ends are adapted forconnection to the lower ends of lead wires 176. The end of each powerinput wire 180 is paired with an appropriate one of lead wires 176, andthe paired wire ends are then exposed and connected in a conventionalmanner, such as by twisting together and securing the connection by useof conventional twist-on connectors 186, in a manner as is known. Thisarrangement provides a direct, hard-wired, non-plug type connectionbetween power inlet box 20 and power transfer mechanism 50, without theneed for a plug-type connector. In addition, this arrangement eliminatesthe cost and space required by the terminal arrangement illustrated inU.S. Pat. No. 5,895,981, thus reducing the overall cost of manufactureof power transfer mechanism 50.

Power transfer mechanism 50 can be installed by an electrical contractoror a do-it-yourself homeowner, by first mounting power transfermechanism 50 in a satisfactory location adjacent main panel 12. Cover 58of power transfer mechanism 50 is then raised or removed and the secondpanel 56 is then removed so as to expose lower compartment 82 and theends of lead wires 176. Conduit 178 is then installed in a known manner,and the ends of power input wires 180 are then pulled through thepassage of conduit 178 so as to extend into compartment 82. Lead wires176 and power input wires 180 can then be cut to length as necessary,and the ends of lead wires 176 and power input wires 180 can be drawnout of compartment 82 to enable the installer to make the connectionsbetween lead wires 176 and power input wires 180. Once connected usingconnectors 186, lead wires 176, power input wires 180 and connectors 186are then placed into compartment 82 and second panel 56 is installed, soas to enclose compartment 82 and lead wires 176, power input wires 180and connectors 186 contained therein. This enables establishment of adirect electrical connection between remote power inlet box 20 and powertransfer mechanism 50, without the need for connecting a flexible cordto a power input receptacle as in the prior art. In this manner, theonly step in operation of power transfer mechanism 50 to transfer powerfrom generator 10 to main panel 12 is to place switches 92 in theappropriate position, so as to transfer power to main panel 12 asdesired in response to operation of generator 10. The cover 58 may thenbe pivoted downward or mounted into place.

In a known manner, output wires from switches 92 extend throughcompartment 82 and are connected to elbow fitting 142 secured to lowerwall 60, for routing through conduit 18 to main panel 12.

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates the lower end of power transfermechanism 50. As shown, when the second panel 56 is removed, lowercompartment 82 is exposed so as to enable power input wires 176 to beconnected to lead wires 180 using connectors 186. As explainedpreviously, once the connections between lead wires 176 and power inputwires 180 are made using connectors 186, input wires 180 are placed intocompartment 82 along with lead wires 176 and connectors 186. Secondpanel 56 is then secured over the outwardly facing access opening oflower compartment 82, so as to close lower compartment 82 and to preventaccess to the connections between lead wires 176 and power input wires180. The U-shaped cutout 144 in the second panel 56 allows the secondpanel 56 to be placed over the lower compartment 82 and receive theelbow fitting 142. The elbow fitting 142 connects to the base 52 via aconventional nipple 188 and lock nut 190, which is illustrated in FIG.8.

FIG. 9 illustrates conduit 178, nipple 182 and lock nut 184 removed, andinput wires 180 extending through the opening formed by a knock-outsection in sidewall 62. It is understood, however, that power inputwires 180 are normally housed within a conduit or other sheath whenlocated externally of the housing of power transfer mechanism 50.

FIG. 10 illustrates an alternative embodiment, in which a power inputsocket or receptacle 192 is mounted to the front wall of second panel56′. Receptacle 192 may be constructed as shown and described in U.S.Pat. No. 6,293,821 issued Sep. 25, 2001, the disclosure of which ishereby incorporated by reference. In this version, power input wires180′ are mounted to terminals or other electrical connections associatedwith receptacle 192, extending rearwardly therefrom. The ends of powerinput wires 180′ are connected to the ends of lead wires 176 in the samemanner as described previously with respect to connection of power inputwires 180 to lead wires 176. Once the connections between lead wires 176and power input wires 180′ are made using connectors 186, lead wires176, power input wires 180′ and connectors 186 are placed into lowercompartment 82. Second panel 56′, to which receptacle 192 is mounted, isthen secured to the power transfer mechanism 50 in the same manner asdescribed previously, to close lower compartment 82. It will beappreciated that the cover 58 may modified to accommodate a plug engagedwith receptacle 192.

FIG. 11 illustrates an alternative arrangement utilizing second panel56′ and power input receptacle 192 mounted thereto. In this version,lead wires 176 have a length sufficient to enable lead wires 176 to bemanipulated so as to provide connection of the ends of lead wires 176 tothe terminals or connectors associated with power input receptacle 192.Once the ends of lead wires 176 are engaged with power input receptacle192, the length of lead wires 176 between strain relief member 150 andthe connection to receptacle 192 is placed into lower compartment 82 andpanel 56′ is then mounted in the same manner as described previously toenclose and prevent assess to lower compartment 82.

FIGS. 9 through 11 illustrate that the connection arrangement of thepresent invention may be used to directly connect power transfermechanism 50 with power inlet box 20. Alternatively, the presentinvention may be used to connect a power input receptacle to powertransfer mechanism 50, for use in a plug-type system as illustrated inFIG. 1.

It will be appreciated that the present invention provides a powertransfer mechanism 50 that can be manufactured more efficiently thanconventional power transfer mechanisms. More particularly, and withreference to FIG. 4, the power transfer mechanism 50 is constructed suchthat switches 92, circuit breakers 98, power meters 94, and the lightbar 96 are mounted to upper panel 54 to form a fully assembled andintegrated structure that is mounted as a subassembly to the base 52.Before the upper panel 54 is secured to the base 52, the lead wires areconnected to the breakers 98, switches 92, power meters 94, and lightbar 96, and then the free ends of the wire leads are passed through theopening 148 formed in the intermediate wall 78. The intermediate wall 78is then advanced into groove 112 and the upper panel 56 is then engagedwith the base 52 using fasteners 127 as described above, which alsoresults in fastening of the intermediate wall 78 to the base 52. Thesecond panel 56 is then secured over the lower compartment 82 usingfasteners 126. As noted above, the second panel 56 is removable toexpose the lower compartment 82 and the lead wires 176 extendingtherein. Such a construction allows an installer to make the connectionbetween the power input wires 180 and the lead wires 176, as describedabove. After the electrical connections have been made, the second panel56 is again mounted to the base 52 using fasteners 126. After the secondpanel 56 is placed over the opening to the lower compartment 82 andsecured to the base 52, the cover 58 may be installed by inserting thetabs 130 into the notches 132 formed in the upper panel 54. Once thetabs 130 are fully seated in the notches 132, the cover 58 may bepivoted or rotated downward to cover the upper and lower panels 54, 56.

As described above, the power transfer mechanism 50 includes a set oflights or light bar 96 that illuminates the upper panel 54. In oneembodiment, the light bar 96 is fed electrical power from the auxiliarypower source and thus illuminates the upper panel 54 when the auxiliarypower source is supplying power to the power transfer mechanism 50. Inanother embodiment, a battery (not shown) may provide electrical powerto the light bar 96 when utility power is not providing electrical powerto the power transfer mechanism. It is also contemplated that the lightbar 96 could be supplied with utility power to provide illumination ofthe upper panel 54 when utility power is providing electrical power tothe power transfer mechanism 50. In one embodiment, the light bar 96 hasa set of light emitting diodes, but other types of lighting elementscould be used.

In one embodiment, the base 52, intermediate wall 78, upper and lowerpanels 54, 56, and the cover 58 are made of rust-resistant or rust-freematerial, e.g., plastic.

FIGS. 12-17 show a power transfer mechanism 194 according to anotherembodiment of the present invention. The power transfer mechanism 194 isdesigned to be interposed between load center 12 and inlet box 20,FIG. 1. As best seen in FIGS. 12, 13, and 16, the power transfermechanism 194 includes a cabinet 196 having wall structure defining apair of parallel side walls 198, 200, a top wall 202 extending betweenand interconnecting the upper ends of side walls 198,200, and a bottomwall 204 extending between and interconnecting the lower ends of sidewalls 198,200. The cabinet 196 also has a rear panel 206 and a frontpanel assembly 208 defined by a faceplate 210.

In its assembled form, the cabinet 196 has an interior space whichdefines a terminal compartment 212 for internal components of the powertransfer mechanism 194. In one embodiment, the side walls 198,200, topwall 202, bottom wall 204, and rear panel 206 are of a one-piececonstruction and covered by the front panel assembly 208 in a knownmanner.

Referring to FIGS. 12-14, faceplate 210 functions as a flat mountingsurface for supporting various electrical components including a pair ofwatt meters 214, 216 and an array of adjacently disposed switches 218a-f. Also positioned on the faceplate 210 and positioned above each ofthe switches 218-f in association therewith is a respective, resettablecircuit breaker 220 a-f which corresponds to a particular load circuit.Watt meters 214, 216 are selectively employed to monitor generator powerdelivered to the electrical loads in the system. In addition, switches218 a-f are employed to effectuate the actual transfer of power from thegenerator to various loads. Circuit breakers 220 a-f protect individualcircuits from an abnormality by breaking the circuit such as in theevent of a current overload.

The watt meters 214, 216, switches 218 a-f, and circuit breakers 220 a-fare of a known design and mounted to the faceplate in a known manner. Inone embodiment, these electrical components are similar in appearanceand function to those described and shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,365,990,the disclosure of which is incorporated herein, and may be mounted tothe faceplate 210 in a manner similar to that described in theaforementioned '990 patent.

With additional reference to FIG. 13, the present invention provides alighting assembly 222 that is removably mounted to the faceplate 210.The lighting assembly 222 includes a cover plate 224 which fits over anopening 226 formed in a lower portion of the faceplate 210 generallyadjacent the watt meters 214, 216 and beneath the switches 218 e-f. Inthe illustrated embodiment, the cover plate 224 is shown as having asquare shape and the opening 226 is shown as having a circular shape. Itis understood, however, that the cover plate 224 and the opening 226 mayhave any satisfactory shape or configuration. The cover plate 224carries a lens 226, which as illustrated in FIG. 15 is a low profile,flat lens. The lens 226 may be formed of a clear plastic or glass but itis contemplated that the lens could also be translucent or colored.

Mounted within the lens 226 is a disc-shaped printed circuit board 228to which an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs) 230 a-d are mounted.In the illustrated embodiment, the lighting assembly 222 has four LEDsradially spaced from one another about an optical or principal axis (notshown) of the lens 226. It is contemplated, however, that a single LEDor more than four LEDs could be used. Moreover, it is understood thatthe arrangement or position of the one or more LEDs could be differentfrom that illustrated in the figures. The circuit board 228 is securedwithin the lens 226 in any satisfactory manner and thus it will beappreciated that the lens 226 and the circuit board 228 collectivelydefine a housing for the LEDs 230 a-d.

As best illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16, the LEDs 230 a-d are mounted atright angles to the plane of the circuit board 228 and thelight-emitting portion of each LED 230 a-230 d extends along a planeparallel to the plane of the circuit board 228. In this regard, thelight that is emitted by the each of the LEDs is centered along, andemitted radially outwardly from, a principal axis that is orthogonal tothe optical axis of the lens 226. This directional arrangement of theLEDs 230 a-d provides surface area lighting of the faceplate 210 andthus illumination of the electrical components mounted to the faceplate210 and the area in proximity to the power transfer mechanism 194.

As further illustrated in FIG. 16, a transformer block 232 is mounted tothe backside of the printed circuit board 228 and includes a pair ofelectrical conductors 234, 236 that facilitate electrical connection ofthe lighting assembly 222 to power input wires (not shown) containedwithin the terminal compartment 212. The transformer block 232 has atransformer (not shown) for conditioning the input power to be suitablefor powering the LEDs 230 a-d. As the electrical conductors 234, 236 areelectrically coupled to the power input wires, the LEDs 230 a-d willbegin to emit light when the generator 10 begins to supply standbyelectrical power. It will thus be appreciated that in the event of autility power outage, once a user initiates operation of the generator10, the LEDs 230 a-d will illuminate thereby providing lighting aroundthe power transfer mechanism 194, which can aid the user in locating themechanism 194 and viewing the electrical components during the utilitypower outage.

It will be appreciated that the printed circuit board 228 includes aheat sink (not shown) to provide heat dissipation for the LEDs.Alternately, the power transfer mechanism 194 may be equipped withventing structure or a fan assembly to maintain the temperature of theLEDs at a desired operating temperature.

As shown in FIG. 13, the lighting assembly 22 is removably mounted tothe faceplate 210. The faceplate 210 includes a set of openings 238 a-cand the cover plate 224 similarly has a set of openings 240 a-c thatwhen aligned with their corresponding openings 238 a-c in the faceplate210 allow fasteners 242 a-c to be passed through the openings to securethe cover plate 224, and thus the lighting assembly 222, to thefaceplate 210. The number and/or style of fasteners used to mount thecover plate 224 to the faceplate 210 may be different from thatillustrated in the figures. Alternately, the lighting assembly 222 couldbe integrally formed with the faceplate 210.

One of the advantages of the removability of the lighting assembly 222is that the power transfer mechanism 194 could be made commerciallyavailable without the lighting assembly 222, as illustrated in FIG. 17.In this embodiment, a solid cover plate 244 is mounted to the faceplate210 by fasteners 242 a-c. The cover plate 244 fits over the opening 226in the faceplate 210 and, as such, prevents access to the terminalcompartment 212. The power transfer mechanism 194 illustrated in FIG. 7could therefore be desirable for users who do not need the additionalfunctionality that the lighting assembly 222 provides. However, shouldthe demands of the user change, or the implementation of the powertransfer mechanism 194 require, the user could replace the solid coverplate 244 with the optional lighting assembly 222 heretofore described.In this regard, the lighting assembly 222 could be made commerciallyavailable as an optional accessory to the power transfer mechanism 194shown in FIG. 17.

Furthermore, the removability of the lighting assembly 222 also a userto replace the lighting assembly with other faceplate-mountedaccessories as desired, such as an electrical socket, as described inU.S. Pat. No. 6,293,821, the disclosure of which is incorporate hereinby reference, additional meters, switches and circuit breakers, etc.

The power transfer mechanism 194 described herein has hanging tabs 246a-d for wall mounting of the power transfer mechanism 194. It isunderstood, however, that the present invention could also be used withpower transfer mechanisms (“transfer panels”) designed for recessed orflushed wall mountings. Moreover, the general arrangement of theelectrical components and the construction of the transfer panel couldbe different from that illustrated in the figures.

While the illustrated embodiment shows the lighting assembly 222 beingmounted to the faceplate 210, it should be understood that the inventionalso contemplates that the lighting assembly 222 could be mounted to anywall of the wall structure. Moreover, it is contemplated that the powertransfer mechanism 194 may be constructed to permit more than onelighting assembly to be mounted thereto. It is also contemplated thatthe LEDs could be replaced with other light emitting devices, such asincandescent bulbs.

Various alternatives and embodiments are contemplated as being withinthe scope of the following claims particularly pointing out anddistinctly claiming the subject matter regarded as the invention.

1. A power transfer device comprising: a cabinet having a plurality ofcomponents that are adapted to allow selective connection of anelectrical system of a building with a supply of power from a primarypower source and with a secondary power source; and a light mounted tothe cabinet and electrically connected to the secondary power source toemit light generally about the cabinet and an area proximate the cabinetwhen the secondary power source is supplying power to the electricalsystem of the building to provide surface illumination of the pluralityof components of the cabinet.
 2. The power transfer device of claim 1wherein the plurality of components is further defined as: a pluralityof switches; a plurality of circuit breakers; at least one power meter;and wherein the light provides surface illumination of the switches, thecircuit breakers, and the at least one power meter.
 3. The powertransfer device of claim 1 wherein the light includes at least one lightemitting diode (LED).
 4. The power transfer device of claim 1 whereinthe cabinet includes: a first compartment defining a first cavity andhaving a first panel for closing the first cavity; a second compartmentdefining a second cavity and having a removable second panel forselectively closing the second cavity; and wherein the light is mountedto at least one of the first panel and the second panel to provideillumination of at least one of the first panel and the second panel. 5.The power transfer device of claim 4 wherein the light includes a lightbar mounted to the first panel.
 6. The power transfer device of claim 5wherein the light bar includes a plurality of LEDs.
 7. The powertransfer device of claim 4 further comprising a cover interconnectedwith the cabinet for movement between an open position and a closedposition, and wherein the cover in the closed position overlies thelight.
 8. The power transfer device of claim 1 wherein the cabinetincludes a wall provided with an opening, and further comprising: acover engageable with the wall for covering the opening; a lens attachedto the cover; and wherein the light is positioned within the lens andconfigured to illuminate at least a portion of the wall to which one ormore of the plurality of components are mounted.
 9. The power transferdevice of claim 8 wherein the light includes an array of LEDs centeredabout an optical axis of the lens.
 10. The power transfer device ofclaim 9 wherein the array includes four LEDs radially displaced from oneanother at about every 90 degrees.
 11. The power transfer device ofclaim 8 wherein the lens is a low-profile flat lens formed oftranslucent material.
 12. A housing for a transfer switch arrangementcomprising: a base having a first wall and a pair of transverse walls;an enclosure arrangement attached to the base that cooperates with thebase to define an interior, wherein the enclosure arrangement includes aplurality of electrical components associated with delivering secondaryelectrical power to an electrical system when primary power to theelectrical system is unavailable, wherein the interior contains a leadthat receives secondary electrical power; and a light mounted to theenclosure arrangement and electrically connected to the lead, whereinthe light provides ambient and surface illumination on the enclosurearrangement when secondary electrical power is being supplied to theelectrical system.
 13. The housing of claim 12 wherein the lightincludes a light emitting diode (LED).
 14. The housing of claim 13wherein the light includes a plurality of LEDs arranged in either alinear array or a radial array.
 15. A power transfer device havingelectrical components for supplying power from a secondary power sourcein electrical communication with a power inlet arrangement to theelectrical system of a building, the power transfer device comprising: acabinet defining an internal volume within which a set of connectionscorresponding to the electrical components is located; and a lightingelement on the cabinet that is configured to emit light onto one or moreof the electrical components when the power transfer device is beingused in the supply of secondary power to the electrical system of thebuilding.
 16. The power transfer device of claim 15 wherein the lightingelement includes an array of LEDs mounted on a printed circuit board,and wherein the cabinet includes a substantially clear lens that emitslight from the array of LEDs onto one or more of the electricalcomponents.
 17. The power transfer device of claim 16 wherein each LEDis mounted to the printed circuit at an angle such that each LED emitslight along an axis that is generally parallel to the plane of a wallforming a part of the cabinet.
 18. The power transfer device of claim 15wherein the cabinet includes a first compartment defining a first cavityof the internal volume and having a first panel for closing the firstcavity; a second compartment defining a second cavity of the intervalvolume and having a second panel for selectively closing the secondcavity; one or more lead wires interconnected with and extending fromthe electrical components, wherein the lead wires define ends extendinginto the second cavity for connection to a power input; and wherein thelight is mounted to at least one of the first panel and the second panelto provide illumination of at least one of the first panel and thesecond panel.